Cameroon - General
Cameroon is nicknamed "Africa in miniature" because of its diverse ecosystems and features over 250 ethnic groups. It's the only country named after a crustacean, as its name comes from the Portuguese for "shrimp". The country is also known for its impressive football (soccer) history, with the men's national team being the first African team to reach the FIFA World Cup quarter-finals.
Geography and environment
- "Africa in miniature": Cameroon contains nearly every major ecosystem in Africa, from deserts in the north to tropical rainforests in the south.
- Mount Cameroon: The country is home to Africa's largest volcano and the highest peak in sub-Saharan Africa.
- Lake Nyos: This crater lake is one of the world's most poisonous lakes due to volcanic gases released from below.
- Debundscha Point: Located at the base of Mount Cameroon, this area receives over 10,000 mm of rainfall annually.
Culture and society
- Languages: Cameroon has two official languages, French and English, reflecting its colonial past, but over 270 native languages are spoken, and some communities use talking drums for messaging.
- Ethnic diversity: The country is home to more than 250 ethnic groups.
- National animal: The lion is the national animal of Cameroon.
Economy and history
- Cocoa producer: Cameroon is the fifth-largest producer of cocoa in the world.
- Name origin: The country's name came from Portuguese explorers who called the Wouri River "Rio dos Camaro," or "River of Shrimps".
- Independence: Cameroon gained independence on January 1, 1960, and was originally a German colony before being split between France and Britain after World War I.
- Economic reliance: While oil is a major export, the economy also relies on international aid and the sale of products like cocoa, coffee, and tea.
Other facts
- Football: The men's national football team reached the quarter-finals of the 1990 FIFA World Cup, the first African team to do so.
- Frog: Cameroon is home to the world's largest frog, the Goliath frog, which can grow up to 34 cm long and weigh 3.3 kg.
- President: Paul Biya has been in power for 40 years, making him one of the longest-serving presidents in Africa